How to dress for Extreme Cold (Lapland, Canada, Expeditions)?
Facing temperatures of -20°C to -40°C requires preparation. Whether for a trip to Lapland, watching the Northern Lights or an expedition in Canada, the secret to insulation lies in layering (the "layering" system). For your extreme cold weather clothing, here is the winning Cimalp combination:
- Layer 1 (Base layer): Essential for keeping skin dry. Always opt for merino wool base layers with a high weight (at least 200g/m²).
- Layer 2 (Mid-layer insulation): A thick fleece that traps warm air around the body.
- Layer 3 (Outer protection): This is where survival is decided. Choose a ultra-warm expedition down jacket, paired if needed with a windproof and waterproof hardshell jacket to block the elements.
Natural Down vs Synthetic Insulation: Which to choose?
In our extreme cold range, you will find two types of insulation, each meeting a specific need:
- Down (Goose or Duck): It is the unbeatable champion of the warmth-to-weight ratio. Ideal for dry cold (Lapland-style) and static situations. Look for the "Fill Power" (loft): the higher it is, the warmer the jacket.
- Synthetic Insulation: Less compressible than down, it has the major advantage of staying warm even when wet. The go-to choice if you are planning intense activities or a humid climate (Scotland, Iceland).
Protecting the extremities: The 30% rule
Did you know that 30% of body heat escapes through the head and extremities? An extreme cold outfit is only effective if it is complete:
- Head: A fur hat or fleece-lined beanie are essential.
- Hands: Go for mittens over gloves (fingers warm each other up). For those more sensitive to the cold, slip a silk glove liner underneath.
- Feet: Pair thick merino wool socks with insulated winter boots. Do not lace your boots too tight: air must circulate to insulate.
Lower body: How to protect your legs?
Jeans are an absolute no-go (they freeze and provide no insulation). For the lower body, we recommend a warm hiking trousers Softshell, worn over thermal tights. For static activities (dog sledding, ice fishing), the waterproof over-trousers is a smart addition to block the wind completely.
To find out more about our travel clothing, discover our clothes for desert climate and for tropical climate.