Mountaineering requires both good physical preparation, knowledge of high-altitude terrain and technical training. The garments that make up your kit must be high-performing enough to withstand extreme conditions. Here are some tips on how to dress for mountaineering.
Choosing breathable and insulating mountaineering clothing
Multiple layers of clothing are needed to withstand the cold at high altitude. The upper body requires at least three layers, while the lower body requires at least two.
Choosing thermal and breathable base layers is essential when practising mountaineering. During activity, they help wick away perspiration; at rest, they prevent the heat generated by your body from escaping. Choose your t-shirt and thermal tights with care.
Your second layer for the upper body should act as an insulator. A fleece jacket or a down jacket is perfectly suited to this type of activity.
The importance of protective clothing for mountaineering
Protective clothing is essential when dressing for mountaineering. For high-altitude use, softshell is not recommended — hardshell is the better choice.
Three-layer jackets and over-trousers are the most technical, robust and high-performing options for the mountains. Their membrane sits between the outer fabric and the inner lining. These garments are abrasion-resistant — an essential property when moving against rock. They are also waterproof to withstand all weather conditions.
When choosing your mountaineering protection jacket, make sure it has reinforcements at key points, underarm ventilation zips, and an adjustable hood with cinch points that is compatible with helmet use.
A good mountaineering trouser has pre-shaped knees for greater freedom of movement. Gaiters are also essential for mountaineering. They seal the gap between the trouser and the boot.
To help you choose your mountaineering outfit, Cimalp offers a wide range of clothing specially designed for this activity.
The role of clothing for the extremities
Protecting the extremities is non-negotiable in mountaineering. These parts of the body are the most exposed to frostbite and cold injuries. Gloves must be warm, protective and durable. Mountaineering gloves feature a lining to keep you warm, reinforced leather palms, and excellent abrasion resistance. We recommend wearing thin, warm liner gloves underneath your mountaineering gloves.
Protecting your head — and especially your ears — is equally important. Beanies are generally made from merino wool, synthetic or hybrid materials. Wearing a liner beanie or a balaclava under your mountaineering helmet is also essential to prevent heat loss.
Finally, socks and footwear must be suited to your activity. Shoes specifically designed for mountaineering provide excellent grip and must be chosen with care.
The choice of clothing for mountaineering is critical. Warm, breathable, lightweight garments that are above all abrasion-resistant are essential. They complement the mountaineer's core equipment (ice axe, crampons, helmet…) and allow you to move through high-altitude terrain in the best possible conditions.
