Mountaineering requires both solid physical preparation, knowledge of the high mountains and technical training. The garments that make up your kit must be high-performing enough to withstand extreme conditions. Here are some tips on how to dress for mountaineering.
Choosing breathable and insulating mountaineering clothing
Multiple layers of clothing are needed to withstand the cold of the high mountains. The upper body requires at least three layers, while the lower body requires at least two.
Choosing thermal, breathable base layers is essential for mountaineering. During active phases, they help wick away perspiration; during passive phases, they prevent you from losing the heat produced by your body. You must choose your t-shirt and thermal tights carefully.
Your second layer for the upper body should act as an insulator. A fleece jacket or a down jacket is perfectly suited to this type of activity.
The importance of protective clothing for mountaineering
Protective clothing is an indispensable part of dressing for mountaineering. For high-mountain use, softshell is not recommended — hardshell is the way to go.
3-layer jackets and over-trousers are the most technical, robust and high-performing garments for the mountains. Their membrane sits between the outer fabric and the inner lining. These garments are abrasion-resistant, a must when moving against rock. They are also waterproof to withstand all weather conditions.
When choosing your mountaineering protection jacket, make sure it has reinforcements in strategic areas, ventilation zips under the arms, and an adjustable hood with cinch points that is helmet-compatible.
A good mountaineering trouser features pre-shaped knees for greater freedom of movement. Gaiters are also essential for mountaineering. They close the gap between the trouser and the shoe.
To help you choose the right mountaineering outfit, Cimalp offers a wide range of garments specially designed for this activity.
The role of clothing for the extremities
Protecting the extremities is non-negotiable when practising mountaineering. These parts of the body are the most exposed to frostbite and frostnip. Gloves must be warm, protective and durable. Mountaineering gloves feature a lining to keep you warm, the palms are reinforced with leather and they offer resistance to abrasion. We recommend wearing thin, warm gloves underneath your mountaineering gloves.
Protecting your head and especially your ears is equally important. Beanies are generally made from merino wool, synthetic or hybrid materials. Wearing a balaclava or thin skull cap under your mountaineering helmet is also essential to avoid losing heat.
Finally, socks and footwear must be suited to your activity. Shoes specifically designed for mountaineering provide good grip on the ground and must be chosen with care.
Choosing the right clothing for mountaineering is crucial. Warm, breathable, lightweight yet above all abrasion-resistant garments are essential. They complement the mountaineer's core equipment (ice axe, crampons, helmet…) and allow you to perform at your best in the high mountains.
