Canada is the ideal destination for lovers of wide-open spaces. Between its mountains, forests and lakes, hikers are bound to be captivated. But with the country's vastness, wildlife and remote locations, getting organised is not always easy. Cimalp reveals everything you need to know before heading off on a trek in Canada.
Choosing your region for a trek in Canada
Alberta
With 10 provinces and 3 territories, Canada offers no shortage of options for trekking. Choosing the right region is crucial, as it determines the atmosphere, difficulty level and ideal season for hiking.
The Alberta Rockies probably offer the most iconic setting for a trek in Canada. It is the most touristy but also the most spectacular option, with imposing peaks, glaciers, lakes and valleys. They include Banff National Park, the famous Lake Louise and Jasper National Park.
One of the country's most iconic treks is the Skyline Trail. This 44-kilometre route takes 3 to 4 days to complete in Jasper National Park. Along the way, you will discover high-altitude landscapes and numerous views of the surrounding mountains.
The best time for a trek in the Rockies is between July and September. Due to the many high-altitude routes, some passes may still be snow-covered at the start of summer.
British Columbia
On the Pacific coast, British Columbia is a paradise for hikers seeking a wilder experience. Nature is everywhere, and visitor numbers are lower than in the Rockies.
The West Coast Trail, on Vancouver Island, is one of Canada's great treks. This demanding 75 km route is ideal for thru-hiking, a long-distance hiking style that involves completing a trail in its entirety. It takes an average of 5 to 7 days to complete. You will discover temperate rainforests, beaches, cliffs and coastal landscapes.
Further inland, Garibaldi Provincial Park also offers hiking in spectacular surroundings. Several one- or two-day options are available to admire exceptional places such as Garibaldi Lake and its turquoise waters.
British Columbia is best explored from June to September, with conditions varying according to altitude and proximity to the coast.
Quebec
For a first experience in Canada, Quebec is particularly recommended. It has more accessible trails, less demanding routes and no high mountains on many itineraries.
Charlevoix and Hautes-Gorges-de-la-Rivière-Malbaie National Park offer numerous routes through mountain landscapes. Meanwhile, Gaspésie National Park is renowned for its peaks, including Mount Albert. These two options are ideal if you want to admire Canadian landscapes without committing to a demanding multi-day trek.
The best time to hike in Quebec is from June to October for low- and mid-altitude routes.
Precautions to take around wildlife
Trail etiquette
Wildlife in Canada calls for a few precautions. As on a trek in Japan, you may encounter black bears across much of the country. In British Columbia and certain areas of Alberta, there are also grizzly bears. In addition to bears, you need to remain cautious around other wild animals such as elk, moose and cougars, as an encounter can be dangerous.
The best prevention depends on your behaviour on the trails. In less frequented areas, get into the habit of talking regularly and making noise where visibility is limited. Also stay alert near watercourses, in wooded areas or when walking into the wind. The aim is to avoid surprising animals.
Bear spray
In areas where bears are present, it is strongly recommended to go trekking with bear spray. This aerosol, which should be kept within easy reach, is used to deter a bear from approaching.
In the event of an encounter, stay calm and do not turn your back on the animal. Try to move away slowly. If it continues to approach, take your bear spray, remove the safety catch and pull the trigger. Aim at the bear's face, spray a short burst, then move away without running. Before using bear spray, it is important to learn how to use it correctly.
The bear box
The presence of food or waste can attract wild animals, especially bears. When bivvying, it is therefore essential to not store food in tents or near your campsite. A bear box is often provided for this purpose. This sturdy container is designed to prevent bears from accessing food or scented items such as toothpaste, sunscreen or waste in wilderness areas.
How to gear up for hiking in Canada?
The three-layer system
Equipment for a trek in Canada cannot be improvised. In the Rockies, the three-layer system is essential, even in July or August. Mountain weather is unpredictable, so you need to be ready to face the elements.
The base layer is breathable and wicks away perspiration. At altitude, we recommend a merino wool t-shirt.
The second layer is insulating. You can choose a fleece or a lightweight down jacket.
Finally, the third layer provides protection. In the Rockies, you need waterproof jackets. Thunderstorms are frequent and can be severe in this area.
The backpack
The capacity of travel and trekking backpacks depends on the length of the trek and how self-sufficient you need to be. For day hikes from a lodge, a hiking backpack of 20 to 30 litres is generally sufficient. For a multi-day self-sufficient trek, consider a 40 to 60-litre model instead. Capacity may vary depending on bivvy gear, food and the amount of water carried.
Footwear
Trails in the Rockies can be technical, but can also become muddy or wet after rain. A high-cut upper and a sole with good grip provide essential support on rough terrain. For better protection from rain, choose a waterproof membrane such as Gore-Tex® or Cimalp's Ultrashell®.
Specific accessories
A few accessories can improve comfort on a trek. Gaiters prevent water and debris from getting into your shoes. They are particularly useful in mud, wet grass or still-snowy sections.
A water filter is useful for self-sufficient treks, where water sources are often far apart. It allows you to treat water collected from streams and lakes before drinking it. Before use, however, remember to check local recommendations regarding drinking water sources.
Finally, distances between campsites are often considerable. A delay, an early start or an unexpected event may lead you to walk in the dark. Whenever a trek involves nights in a mountain hut or camping, take a head torch so you are not left without light.
Don't forget technical socks too. For a multi-day trek, merino wool socks are ideal: thermoregulating, odour-resistant and comfortable.
Practical advice for a trek in Canada
Permits and booking
To manage trail visitor numbers, hikers are often required to obtain a permit and book their bivvy pitch in advance. In Banff and Jasper National Parks, a backcountry camping permit is required. Reservations must be made several months in advance via the Parks Canada website.
Some routes are extremely popular. The booking system for the West Coast Trail is therefore very strict and specific. Registration generally opens in January and places sell out in just a few minutes. You should therefore plan your trip well in advance.
Budget
As in many countries, national parks in Canada charge an entry fee. The daily fee is around 12 Canadian dollars per adult. If you plan to travel for more than seven days or visit several national parks, the Discovery Pass, known as the Parks Canada Discovery Pass, may be worthwhile. It provides unlimited access to all the country's national parks for one year. In 2026, it costs 83.50 Canadian dollars per adult.
Equipment rental
On a trek, carrying equipment is an important consideration. To avoid travelling around Canada with a large backpack, it is often worth renting some equipment locally. Whether you are in Vancouver, Calgary or Quebec City, you can easily hire a tent, sleeping bag, hiking poles or bivvy equipment. Just remember to book early enough during peak season.
Apps
Two apps are very useful for organising a trek in Canada. Parks Canada has developed its own app. It can be used to prepare your stay, check practical information and maps, or download content for offline use.
The AllTrails app is also highly popular with hikers. It also lets you plan routes, check trail information and download offline maps.
Before heading off on a trek in Canada, it is essential to be well organised. Choose a hiking route suited to your level, prepare your equipment carefully, stay alert to weather conditions and wildlife, and book your bivvy pitches in advance. This way, you can make the most of the landscapes and vast Canadian wilderness.
