Trekking is far more than a simple hike. It's a wilderness adventure — an itinerant journey that takes you through spectacular and often remote landscapes. Unlike a classic hike, trekking involves several days of walking, typically with a bivvy overnight in the open. This article helps you understand this compelling activity and know what to consider when preparing.
Trekking: an itinerant hiking adventure
Historically, the term "trekking" referred to a hiking trail, often in mountainous areas, but its use has evolved over the years. Today, trekking is defined as a multi-day itinerant journey that can involve crossing varied landscapes, from mountains to deserts. Trekking is defined by its bivvy aspect: trekkers sleep outdoors, often in tents, out in the open — one of the defining characteristics of the activity.
The aim of a trek is generally to travel from point A to point B or to complete a loop. The activity has grown increasingly popular, driven by the rise of specialist travel agencies as well as a growing awareness of responsible, environmentally conscious tourism.
The origins of trekking
The term "trek" comes from Dutch and means "migration". The word was popularised during the "Great Trek" in the 19th century, when Dutch farmers fleeing British rule in South Africa migrated with their wagons to the territories of Natal and the Transvaal. This long journey is the origin of the word trek being used to mean a journey or expedition.
Trekking as we know it today truly took off in the 1950s in Nepal, when it became a popular pursuit among mountaineers and walkers. Over the decades it became more accessible, and walkers from all walks of life ventured out onto trails in remote regions across the world.
Where to go trekking?
Trekking can be practised in many places around the world, offering a remarkable diversity of landscapes. Whether you're drawn to snow-capped peaks, arid deserts, dense jungles or even polar lands, there are trekking routes suited to every type of terrain. Here are some of the most popular destinations for trekking:
- Mountains: The Alps, the Himalayas, the Andes and other mountain ranges are flagship destinations for trekkers.
- Deserts: The Sahara, the Atacama Desert and the Gobi Desert all offer unique conditions for large-scale trekking.
- Jungles: The tropical forests of Asia, Central and South America are fascinating and hard-to-reach trekking destinations.
- Polar lands: The Arctic and Antarctic regions offer a completely different trekking experience, in an environment that is both hostile and strikingly beautiful.
The trek: physical effort amid breathtaking landscapes
Trekking demands sustained physical effort suited to your fitness level. It's not a simple stroll, and each day can be a real challenge. The terrain can be rugged, the elevation gain significant, and daily stages can exceed 6 hours.
However, trekking can be adapted to suit every ability. Easier routes with gentle gradients suit those who prefer more moderate hikes, while longer, more technical routes cater to experienced trekkers in search of a challenge.
Good gear is essential to getting the most out of the experience. It's important to choose a backpack that suits your needs — spacious enough to carry your kit, yet comfortable enough to prevent lower back pain. Make sure you bring enough water, especially where sources are scarce or hard to find.
Essential gear for trekking
Gear for trekking varies depending on the length and difficulty of the route, but some items are essential to ensure a comfortable and safe experience:
- A trek backpack: Your backpack needs to be large enough to carry all your gear, yet light enough not to slow you down. It should also feature straps and supports for a secure fit.
- Technical clothing: Opt for breathable, moisture-wicking fabrics, such as synthetic or merino wool trousers and t-shirts. Don't forget a waterproof jacket in case of rain.
- Sturdy hiking shoes: Choose footwear suited to the terrain you'll be covering. They should be comfortable, provide good ankle support and offer solid grip.
- Hydration bladder or filter bottle: Staying hydrated is essential on long days of walking. A hydration bladder lets you drink without stopping, while a filter bottle is practical when you need to refill your water supply from natural sources.
- Tent and bivvy gear: If you're heading out on an itinerant trek with a bivvy, choose a lightweight, easy-to-pitch tent along with sleeping bags suited to the climatic conditions of the area.
For more, check out our trek essentials checklist.
The cultural and economic impact of trekking
Trekking also offers a unique opportunity to explore remote regions and connect with local communities. By practising trekking, you contribute to the economic development of these off-the-beaten-track areas, as trekkers generate income for local communities by hiring guides and porters, or staying in guesthouses and lodges.
Furthermore, trekking has a relatively low environmental impact compared to other forms of tourism. If you're passionate about nature, you'll appreciate this ethical approach to travel, which helps preserve local ecosystems while promoting responsible and durable tourism.
Trekking is far more than a physical activity. It's an enriching experience that lets you discover breathtaking landscapes, push your limits while staying close to nature, and support durable development. Whether you're a seasoned walker or a complete beginner, trekking offers a wide range of routes suited to every level and every ambition.
