Let’s look at the parts of a hiking shoe so you can identify, when buying, the option that best suits your needs.
To choose the right pair of shoes for your needs, first look at the parts they are made of. That will help you assess the options available. Factors such as upper height, upper material and outsole stiffness should be chosen according to where and how often you walk. Knowing what is available makes it easier to make an informed choice.
The upper
The "upper" is the top part of a hiking shoe. Shoes fall into three main categories: high-cut, low-cut and mid-cut. Your choice of upper height depends mainly on the terrain where you plan to walk. On steep ground, in the high mountains or on rocky trails, high-cut shoes are recommended, if not essential; mid-cut shoes may also work if the terrain is less rugged. For gentler walks on flat or hilly ground, low-cut shoes are more flexible and, above all, lighter.
The upper can be made from various materials: smooth leather, nubuck, suede, mesh fabric or synthetic leather. Again, your choice depends on the terrain, your experience and the properties you value most, such as breathability, waterproofing, durability, flexibility or toughness.
The sole
A hiking shoe has not one sole, but three distinct layers:
- an outsole with a tread and good slip resistance. A good outsole balances flexibility and durability with grip and support for the foot.
- a midsole that cushions and absorbs impacts, helping protect the joints in your legs and your lower back. It is generally made from polyurethane foam or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA). The former is more durable; the latter is lighter and provides more effective cushioning.
- an insole that provides extra cushioning and contributes greatly to the shoe’s comfort. It also helps keep the shoe clean, as you can easily wash and replace it regularly. You can replace the original insole from the outset with a more ergonomic or heat-moulded one.
Waterproof, breathable membranes
Some shoes have them and others do not; it is up to you to decide whether you need one. These membranes combine water repellency and breathability. Their technology allows sweat and moisture vapour to escape through the shoe while keeping water out. Waterproof, breathable membranes are by far the best option if you want to keep your feet dry. The best-known brand behind this technology is Gore-tex®, a well-established and trusted choice.
Tongue and lacing
Paying attention to the tongue when choosing a hiking shoe might seem a little excessive, but it is far from a minor detail. Tongues vary in thickness, shape and comfort. It is up to you to find the right balance between a thinner tongue, which allows more precise movement, and a thicker, more comfortable one that offers less precision.
Lacing is another important feature you should not overlook. Lacing your shoes correctly helps keep your foot or ankle secure and reduces the risk of twisting it or suffering other injuries. Good lacing is quick and easy to adjust and, above all, stays tied.
The toe cap
The toe cap can vary in how much it covers. Usually made of rubber, it covers the front of the shoe and protects your toes from impacts, making it essential on rocky trails. It may also extend around the heel or even the entire edge of the foot. The more coverage it provides, the better it protects the shoe against abrasion, adding durability and resistance for a longer lifespan for your walking shoes.
