The Andes, the longest mountain range in the world (8,000 km), stretches across 7 countries. There are three main zones: the Southern, Central, and Northern Andes. Depending on the altitude you choose for your trek, you will discover breathtaking landscapes where unique flora has adapted to the slopes and high plateaus.
Due to the length of the range, altitude, exposure, and the influence of Pacific Ocean currents, the Andes encompass many different climate zones. To help you choose the right clothing for the conditions you will encounter, here are a few practical kit tips to make the most of your trek in the Andes.
The unpredictable climate of the Andes Mountains
Influenced to the west by the Pacific Ocean and to the east by a continental climate, the southern Andes experience a cool, humid climate while central Chile has a more Mediterranean climate. As you approach the high plateaus, temperature swings become dramatic: the climate cools, with an average annual temperature of just 6°C in the Puna. While temperatures in the sun can reach between 20 and 30°C, nights can drop as low as -10°C.
While rainfall is heavy in the southern section, rain is more sporadic in the central Andes.
The best time to trek in the Andes is during the dry season, from February to mid-April.
What to wear for a trek in the Andes
The layering technique
During the day, the sun burns while it quickly cools in the shade. Always keep something to cover yourself within easy reach. Pack what you need for both the cold and the sun.
I recommend using the layering technique — that is, wearing 3 layers of clothing. This allows you to adapt what you are wearing to the temperature you feel.
- First layer
For the base layer, go for breathable thermal underwear made from materials such as silk or bamboo fibre, which provide immediate thermal insulation. Bamboo fibre also has the added benefit of reducing odours.
From the CimAlp base layer range, I recommend the WARM and EXTRA-WARM base layers for those who feel the cold most, rated down to -30°C.
During the day, opt for T-shirts, shirts or polos with long sleeves to protect yourself from the sun.
- Second layer
For the second layer, wear a merino wool jumper, for example, if you are worried about getting cold in the evenings, or a warm sweatshirt or fleece to insulate yourself from the cold. Go for a zip-up option so you can open and close it as needed to regulate your temperature. View our range here.
- Third layer
To face wind and potential rain, go for a windproof jacket — a Softshell or highly durable Hardshell with a waterproof membrane and a fleece lining for thermal insulation.
Prepare for temperature changes
In a region with a highly variable climate, zip-off trousers that convert into shorts can be a real asset. And for adventurers heading into the jungle, wear mosquito-repellent clothing for tropical hikes.
For your head, wear a warm beanie and/or a cap to protect yourself from both sun and cold, depending on the temperature.
To protect yourself from the sun's hazards, always carry sunscreen suited to your skin type and a good pair of sunglasses; UV rays are far more intense here than at sea level.
3 factors to consider when choosing your shoes
The weight of your hiking shoes
The lighter your shoes, the easier the walk. It is generally accepted that a heavy pair of shoes is equivalent to an extra five pounds in your backpack. Manufacturers are constantly working on this to create lightweight products while maintaining support and technical performance.
Waterproofing
Moisture is one of your biggest enemies when it comes to trekking. Here are a couple of tips to help keep your feet dry. Go for breathable, waterproof materials. They wick moisture away while preventing water from getting inside your shoes. Opt for models with bellows tongues that fully cover the top of your shoes.
Lateral stiffness
On uneven terrain, your hiking shoes should protect your feet and ankles to prevent sprains. It is best to opt for a high upper suited to all terrain types. Its high lacing ensures great stability and solid foot support.
- Longitudinal stiffness
It is important that the boot prevents your feet from rolling over when you place your full weight on your toes or heels. At the same time, it must have good longitudinal flexibility to stop your feet from flattening under heavy pressure.
- Arch support
The shoe should support the arch of your feet so they are not flattened under heavy pressure. A curved shank is placed between the midsole and the insole to provide arch support.
Hiking socks
Hiking socks need to perform all the same functions as regular socks, but to a higher standard. Ideally, they should minimise friction between your feet and your boots, reducing wear on both feet and lowering the risk of blisters.
They feature an extra cushioning layer for better protection against impact, scrapes, and abrasions. They also protect your feet from elements that could damage them during walking, such as moisture. In addition, socks enable better thermal regulation by expelling excess heat and drawing moisture away from the skin's surface.
